Switzerland will hold a national referendum in mid-June on a proposal to cap its population at 10 million people by 2050, following a campaign led by the right-wing Swiss People’s Party (SVP).

Axar.az reports the initiative seeks to limit permanent residents to no more than 10 million and to trigger restrictive measures if the population exceeds 9.5 million before then, Irish Times reported.

These could include tightening asylum rules and limiting family reunification. Switzerland’s current population stands at 9.1 million, with foreigners making up about 27% of residents.

Supporters argue that rapid population growth — up 25% since 2000 — is straining housing, infrastructure and the environment. Recent immigration figures, including an influx of over 180,000 people in one year, have intensified debate.

Critics, including the Swiss government, parliament and business groups, warn the plan could harm the economy, disrupt agreements with the EU, and severely restrict access to foreign workers. Companies such as Nestlé, Novartis and Roche rely heavily on international talent. Economists caution that a strict cap could force firms to relocate, reduce tax revenues and strain the pension system.

Polls suggest the vote will be close, with support hovering around 48–50%. If approved, the proposal could require renegotiating or terminating agreements such as the EU free movement of people deal and potentially affect Switzerland’s participation in Schengen and Dublin arrangements.