The 9/11 terrorist attacks had unbelievable effects on
the world. We still feel the consequences today. It was a turning
point for the U.S.A,, and recently was the 15th anniversary of the
incident. Over these years some facts were forgotten or were never
known. From USA Today, we put together 10 things that happened that
day and before.
1. We don't know how the hijackers got into the cockpits of some
of the planes
The comprehensive report of the commission created to
investigate the attacks, which was published in 2004, said no one
could determine how the hijackers were able to get into the
cockpits of the four commercial airliners they hijacked. A flight
attendant on American Flight 11 "speculated that they had 'jammed
their way' in," the 9/11 report said.
2. Passengers and crew aboard the planes provided critical
information
Those aboard the four hijacked flights called family and friends
from their cellphones or used the aircrafts' radio communications
to report the hijackings. That alerted authorities to the
hijackings and enabled them to understand why they could not track
the planes after their navigation systems were turned off.
3. Light passenger loads made it easier for the hijackers to
maneuver
American 11, bound from Boston to Los Angeles, had 81 passengers
on board out of a possible 158, according to the 9/11 report and
aircraft data.
United 175, which also left Boston for Los Angeles, had 56
passengers out of a possible 168. That was a "load factor" of 33%,
considerably lower than the 49% average for that flight, a federal
investigation showed.
American 77, headed to Los Angeles from Washington, had 58
passengers out of a capacity of 176, the 9/11 report and other
reports said.
United 93, bound from Newark, N.J., to San Francisco, had only
37 passengers for a 20% load factor, which was far below the normal
52%.
4. A missing hijacker made it easier for United 93 passengers to
storm the cockpit
This is the only one of the four hijacked flights that did not
strike its intended target, the U.S. Capitol. Some of that is
because it was the only one that had four hijackers instead of the
five that took down American 11, American 77 and United 175. "The
operative likely intended to round out the team for this flight,
Mohamed al Kahtani, had been refused entry by a suspicious
immigration inspector at Florida’s Orlando International Airport in
August," the 9/11 report said. As the passengers were just seconds
away from getting into the cockpit, the hijacker at the controls
crashed the plane in an empty field in Shanksville, Pa., just 20
minutes flying time from Washington.
5. The World Trade Center had been targeted before
New York’s World Trade Center held an iconic status for
terrorists even before 9/11. Shortly after noon on Feb. 26, 1993, a
bomb planted in a van parked in the center’s underground parking
garage exploded, killing six people and wounding more than 1,000,
the 9/11 report said. "The bombing signaled a new terrorist
challenge, one whose rage and malice had no limit," the 9/11 report
said. "Ramzi Yousef, the Sunni extremist who planted the bomb, said
later that he had hoped to kill 250,000 people."
6. Vice President Cheney ordered United 93 to be shot down
Before the passengers forced the crash of United 93, then-vice
president Dick Cheney gave the approval for the plane to be shot
down before it could reach Washington, the 9/11 report said.
"The Vice President authorized fighter aircraft to engage the
aircraft," the report said.
However, the report added, the Air Force fighters that were
airborne at the time probably would not have found and reached
United 93 in time. Military "officials have maintained consistently
that had the passengers not caused United 93 to crash, the military
would have prevented it from reaching Washington, D.C.," the 9/11
report said. "That conclusion is based on a version of events that
we now know is incorrect."
7. Earlier plots also targeted commercial aircraft
Ramzi Yousef, who planned the 1993 World Trade Center bombing,
had planned a massive attack on 12 U.S. airliners over the Pacific
in 1995, the 9/11 report said. Yousef worked with his uncle, Khalid
Sheikh Mohammed, to devise the plot, the report said. Mohammed
later became one of the masterminds of 9/11. Yousef was arrested in
Islamabad, Pakistan, on Feb. 7, 1995, after an accomplice turned
him in, the report said. The Manila plot was never carried out.
8. The U.S. worked on multiple attempts to kill Osama bin Laden
before 9/11
The CIA and other agencies developed a plan to capture bin Laden
in early 1998, the report said. That was delayed and then revived,
but it was hampered by concerns from military officials about
relying on Afghan tribal leaders. Then-national security adviser
Sandy Berger was concerned about what would be done with bin Laden
if he was captured and whether the evidence against him could lead
to a criminal conviction in a U.S. court. After the U.S. embassies
in Kenya and Tanzania were bombed on Oct. 8, 1998, President Bill
Clinton authorized cruise missile strikes against bin Laden’s
compound in Afghanistan. He survived but was later killed by a Navy
SEAL team in May 2011.
9. The CIA warned President Clinton about hijackings in 1998
In the Dec. 4, 1998 President’s Daily Brief from the CIA, the
agency told Clinton that "Bin Ladin Preparing to Hijack US Aircraft
and Other Attacks." The plan, the agency said, was to hijack the
planes to gain the release of Yousef and other terrorists, the 9/11
report said.
10. Saudi Arabia had multiple ties to the hijackers
When the 9/11 report was released in 2004, 28 pages of material
remained classified and the subject of intense speculation about
their contents. Those pages, which were released in July, showed
multiple links to associates of Saudi Arabian Prince Bandar, the
former longtime ambassador to the United States. The documents, as
USA TODAY reported in July, "show possible conduits of money from
the Saudi royal family to Saudis living in the United States and
two of the hijackers in San Diego. The documents also indicate
substantial support to California mosques with a high degree of
radical Islamist sentiment." The pages were not released, because
the details contained in them had not been confirmed or shown to be
relevant to the 9/11 attacks. Fifteen of the 19 hijackers were from
Saudi Arabia.