Four years into Russia’s invasion, the updated RDNA5 assessment released on February 23, 2026, by the Government of Ukraine, the World Bank, the European Commission, and the United Nations estimates that Ukraine’s total reconstruction and recovery needs over the next decade are nearly $588 billion (€500 billion)—almost three times Ukraine’s projected 2025 nominal GDP.

Axar.az, citing European Commission, reports that direct damage as of December 31, 2025, has reached $195 billion (€166 billion), up from $176 billion in the previous assessment, with the housing, transport, and energy sectors most affected.

Winter attacks on energy infrastructure increased damaged assets by about 21 percent, while transport sector needs rose by around 24 percent, and 14 percent of housing—over three million households—has been damaged or destroyed.

The report also underscores a human-centered recovery, focusing on refugee return, veteran reintegration, and women’s participation in the workforce.

Sector-specific long-term needs include transport ($96 billion / €82 billion), energy ($91 billion / €77 billion), housing ($90 billion / €77 billion), commerce and industry ($63 billion / €54 billion), and agriculture ($55 billion / €47 billion), with explosive hazard management and debris clearance accounting for nearly $28 billion (€24 billion).

EU and international support, through instruments like the Ukraine Investment Framework, IMF programs, and the World Bank Group, is central to enabling a resilient, inclusive, and forward-looking recovery, anchoring Ukraine’s path toward EU convergence and long-term prosperity.